PHYTONĀ is aĀ vitamin K1 (phytonadione) injectable solutionĀ used to prevent and treatĀ bleeding disorders caused by vitamin K deficiency. It is essential for blood clotting and is commonly administered in newborns, surgical patients, and individuals with malabsorption issues.
Composition
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Active Ingredient:
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Phytonadione (Vitamin K1)Ā āĀ 1 mg/mL or 10 mg/mLĀ (strength varies).
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Inactive Ingredients:
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Polyoxyethylated fatty acid derivatives, dextrose, or other stabilizers (varies by brand).
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Mechanism of Action
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Stimulates production of clotting factorsĀ (II, VII, IX, X) in the liver.
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Reverses anticoagulant effectsĀ (e.g., warfarin toxicity).
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Prevents hemorrhagic disease in newbornsĀ (who have low vitamin K stores).
Dosage & Administration
1. For Newborns (Prophylaxis):
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0.5ā1 mg IMĀ (single dose at birth).
2. For Vitamin K Deficiency Bleeding:
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2.5ā10 mg IM/IV/SubcutaneouslyĀ (dose depends on severity).
3. For Warfarin Overdose:
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2.5ā10 mg IV (slow infusion)Ā + fresh frozen plasma (FFP) if severe.
Administration Notes:
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IV use: Must be givenĀ slowlyĀ (risk of anaphylactoid reactions).
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IM/Subcutaneous: Preferred for prophylaxis.
Uses
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Newborn Hemorrhagic Disease Prevention.
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Anticoagulant ReversalĀ (warfarin toxicity).
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Malabsorption SyndromesĀ (e.g., biliary obstruction, cystic fibrosis).
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Pre-Surgical PreparationĀ (in patients with prolonged PT/INR).
Storage
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Protect from lightĀ (store in original packaging).
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Refrigerate (2ā8°C)Ā ā Some formulations may require cooling.
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Do not freeze.
Recommendations
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Monitor PT/INRĀ after administration (especially in warfarin reversal).
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Newborns: Routine IM injection is standard in many countries.
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IV use: Reserve for emergencies (higher risk of reactions).
Important Notes
Side Effects
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Rare but serious: Anaphylaxis (especially with IV use).
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Mild: Flushing, taste changes, injection site pain.
Contraindications
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Hypersensitivity to phytonadione or formulation components.
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Severe liver diseaseĀ (may not respond to vitamin K).
Pregnancy & Breastfeeding
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Safe in pregnancy & lactationĀ (no known fetal risks).
Always administer under medical supervisionārapid IV infusion can be dangerous.
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