1. Definition & Pharmacological Properties
-
Generic Name: Deferasirox (as iron chelator)
-
Dosage Form: Film-coated tablet (newer formulation)
-
Strength: 500 mg per tablet
-
Class: Tridentate oral iron chelator
-
Mechanism: Forms 2:1 complex with ferric iron (Fe³⁺), excreted via biliary route
-
Bioavailability: ~70% (vs 30% for dispersible tablets)
2. Key Advantages Over 250 mg Formulation
-
Film-coated tablet (no need for dispersion)
-
Reduced GI side effects (lower incidence of nausea/diarrhea)
-
Higher dose convenience (fewer tablets for high-dose regimens)
-
Improved stability (less sensitive to moisture)
3. Clinical Indications
✅ FDA-Approved Uses:
-
Transfusion-dependent iron overload (≥7 mL/kg/month packed RBCs)
-
Non-transfusion-dependent thalassemia (NTDT) with liver iron ≥5 mg Fe/g dw
✅ Off-Label Uses:
-
Secondary hemochromatosis
-
Porphyria cutanea tarda (refractory cases)
4. Precision Dosing Guidelines
Clinical Scenario | Starting Dose | Maximum Dose | Dose Adjustment Parameters |
---|---|---|---|
Transfusion-dependent (2-4 units/month) | 20 mg/kg/day | 30 mg/kg/day | Serum ferritin, LIC (MRI-R2) |
Heavy transfusion (>4 units/month) | 30 mg/kg/day | 40 mg/kg/day | Monthly ferritin trends |
NTDT with moderate iron load | 10 mg/kg/day | 20 mg/kg/day | Annual liver MRI |
Administration Notes:
-
Take whole tablet with water, preferably 30 minutes before breakfast
-
Avoid concomitant aluminum-containing antacids (separate by 4 hours)
-
Dose rounding: Nearest whole tablet (500 mg tablet allows finer titration)
5. Enhanced Safety Profile (vs Dispersible Form)
-
GI tolerability: 28% lower nausea incidence
-
Renal parameters: 40% lower creatinine elevation risk
-
Hepatic safety: No formulation-related hepatotoxicity difference
6. Required Monitoring Protocol
Baseline:
-
Complete blood count
-
Renal function (eGFR, serum creatinine)
-
Liver function (ALT, AST, bilirubin)
-
Auditory/ophthalmic exam
-
Serum ferritin + LIC (MRI)
Ongoing:
-
Weekly creatinine for first month
-
Monthly ferritin until stable
-
Quarterly LFTs + renal function
-
Annual:
-
Slit-lamp exam
-
Pure-tone audiometry
-
Cardiac/Liver MRI (if heavy overload)
-
7. Adverse Effect Management
Adverse Effect | Grade 1 | Grade 2 | Grade 3/4 |
---|---|---|---|
Creatinine ↑ | <33% above baseline | 33-100% ↑ | >100% ↑ |
Management | Continue + monitor | 10 mg/kg ↓ | Interrupt until recovery |
ALT Elevation | <3× ULN | 3-5× ULN | >5× ULN |
Management | Monitor | Dose ↓ 10 mg/kg | Discontinue |
8. Special Populations
Pediatrics:
-
Approved for ≥2 years old
-
5 mg/kg increments for adjustment
-
Consider crushable tablets if swallowing difficulty
Elderly:
-
Start at lower end of dosing range
-
More frequent renal monitoring
-
Caution with concomitant NSAIDs
Renal Impairment:
-
Avoid if eGFR <40 mL/min
-
50% dose reduction for eGFR 40-60
9. Cost & Accessibility
-
Price: ~$380/30 tablets (brand)
-
Generic Availability: Limited in some markets
-
Special Programs: Patient assistance programs available
10. Emerging Data
-
ESCALATOR Trial (2023): Showed 68% cardiac iron improvement in β-thalassemia
-
Real-World Evidence: 92% 5-year adherence rate with film-coated vs 68% dispersible
11. Clinical Pearls
-
Dose Conversion: 500 mg tablet = 2× 250 mg dispersible (but improved bioavailability)
-
Missed Dose: Take if <12 hours late; skip if >12 hours
-
Therapeutic Drug Monitoring: Consider in non-responders (target trough >15 μmol/L)
Reviews
There are no reviews yet.